This paper examines the two explicit Quranic uses of the term ṭūfān (deluge): the great flood at the time of Prophet Nūḥ (al-ʿAnkābūt 29:14) and the ṭūfān sent upon Firʿawn and his people (al-Aʿrāf 7:133). Drawing on classical lexicographers and exegetes—including Ibn Fāris, al-Zajjāj, al-Rāzī, al-Ṭabarī, and al-Māturīdī—the paper traces the lexical range of ṭūfān and its derivatives, distinguishing between verbal noun and plural usages, and situates both events within the broader Quranic framework of divine punishment. The paper demonstrates that while both events share the term ṭūfān, the deluge of Nūḥ was a comprehensive, earth-encompassing flood of unprecedented scale, whereas the ṭūfān of Firʿawn’s people was one element among a series of signs sent as warnings.
